• INRAA, 2 Rue Frères Oudek, Hacène Badi, El Harrach
  • September 23, 2023

L’innovation dans le domaine des semences et plants en Algérie

207 Comments 12 ans

Une revue des activités développées dans le domaine des semences et plants a permis de mettre en évidence l’existence de nombreux résultats de la recherche-développement étant donné que de nombreuses variétés ont été créées et figurent dans les catalogues officiels (céréales, pommes de terre, oliviers etc.). Toutefois, le processus de valorisation économique des outputs biologiques demeure faible.

Les pouvoirs publics ont intégré cette problématique, dès 2008, dans les stratégies de développement dans le cadre du programme prioritaire « Semences et Plants » dans sa composante « Semences Plants et Géniteurs ». Ce dernier vise à assurer une production plus importante de semences, plants et géniteurs certifiés d’une part, et conséquemment à garantir la base de la sécurité alimentaire et de la souveraineté nationale d’autre part. Ce programme vise à assurer un taux d’utilisation plus élevé des semences de qualité et à assurer une diversification de l’offre au niveau des coopératives de céréales (CCLS) et des pépiniéristes. La pérennité du système en a été assurée par son intégration dans un réseau de fermes pilotes dont la réhabilitation a été consacrée par la loi d’orientation agricole (Loi 08-16 du 3 août 2008 portant orientation agricole).

Crédit: Ferrah Ali

Des résultats de recherche ont été produits par les instituts techniques et l’INRAA dans les domaines aussi diversifiés que l’obtention variétale des semences céréalières (ITGC), la production de plants de pomme de terre in vitro (INRAA), la production de géniteurs ovins de qualité et de souche cunicole (ITELV), la sélection sanitaire et clonale des variétés des espèces fruitières pour la constitution des sources primaires (ITAFV).
Toutefois, ces institutions restent confrontées à des contraintes objectives qui freinent le processus de valorisation économique des innovations dans le domaine des semences et plants.
Un rapport, élaboré en 2011 par un groupe d’instituts et de centres de recherche, a permis de mettre en évidence les principales contraintes qui freinent le processus de valorisation de ces résultats de recherche à savoir : – La faiblesse de la visibilité de la demande sociale. – La déficience des interfaces de valorisation des résultats de la recherche. – La faiblesse du dispositif de création et de soutien aux PME et TPE. – L’inadéquation du système de financement des activités des entreprises impliquées dans les activités biologiques à haut risque.  – La problématique de la réglementation et du cadre juridique.
Des mécanismes en faveur de la valorisation des résultats de la recherche dans le domaine des semences, plants et géniteurs y sont proposés notamment en ce qui a trait aux cadres législatifs et juridiques, les aides publiques, la fiscalité, le financement et la politique d’appui à la création des PME .

Perspectives de valorisatio… by FAWIRA Project

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By Ferrah Ali
inraa.headquarter@gmail.com
Chercheur Agro-économiste

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